Chameleons change colors to camouflage themselves
Chameleons actually change colors for a different reason. Colors on the lizards change both as a characteristic of mating behavior and as a method to regulate their body temperatures. For example, they change from a light to dark color to absorb more heat. Still cool, though!
Christopher Columbus discovered America and the fact that the Earth is round
Neither, actually. Ancient Greek mathematicians had formulated theories about the roundness of Earth some 2,000 years before Columbus lived. Also, while many credit Columbus with the discovery of America, viking Leif Erikson actually discovered it first in 1,000 A.D.
Different tastes are detected on different parts of the tongue
The entire surface of the tongue equally detects different tastes, whether it’s sweet, salt, bitter or sour. It’s actually a protein on the tongue that detects the taste of something sour.